Friday, January 22nd, 1999
Announcements: Grading for the recitation: The section grade counts for 20% of your total grade and will be divided into two parts.

1. Participation/ Attendance: Class participation counts as half of your section grade. Participation means contributing to class discussion through relevant questions and answers, while at the same time maintaining a positive atmosphere for learning. Sections are a discussion-oriented class and as such you must remain courteous and respectful at all times, any deviation from this rule will not be tolerated. Attendance is an explicit part of your grade and will be taken every day. Remember that in order to participate you have to be in class. Also, do not be surprised if I randomly call on students to add their insights into the class discussion.
2. Quizzes: The other half of you section grade comes from quizzes that will be announced in advance where make-ups will be allowed with acceptable excuses. The map quizzes will be also containing a number of questions on current events. In addition, I reserve the right to give a pop reading quiz if I feel that the class has not been reading the book, and preparing for class. The final quiz will be a world map, and it can be used to replace any lower quiz score.

Also:

• Sign-ups for countries for the first paper

Lecture notes:

1. Politics

1. The art of who gets what and who pays for it
2. It is a system of determining

II. Political vs. Economic decisions

1. Economic- an exchange of goods and serves

1. Any transaction that is voluntarily and is beneficial to all parties involved

1. Politics- solutions can be imposed and does not have to be mutually beneficial to parties.

3. Political Science

1. More scientific analysis—like natural sciences
2. Uses scientific method, but can only have a theory—they can not test
3. They use historical situations closely related or similar to current problems for solution

IV. Two parts of an argument

1. They can be wrong in specifics, but correct as a whole
2. Hard to disprove
3. Many questions/many solutions

B. Methods of Testing

0. 1. From a theory, a hypothesis can be formed

1. A hypothesis can be proven incorrect, because it is only one question and one solution
2. A hypothesis is used to prove relevance of theory
3. There are no hard fast rules in political science
4. Theories are hard to observe because they are abstract
5. The best theories and hypothesis are the ones that can be proven wrong

V. Taking Sides:

1. It shows both sides of an issue
2. The answer to the questions asked change as the judging criteria changes (where the author is coming from)
3. Be sure to look over the hypothesis when viewing answer
4. Look to see if the author provided any evidence to support their hypothesis

VI. Vocabulary

1. State- they are recognized by the United Nations, has legal boundaries, etc. and has sovereignty

1. Sovereignty- rule over oneself, deciders of own fate, can not force them to do something (Main reason United Nations does not work).

1. Idealism- idea that an attack against one country who cause other states to attack the aggressor (world)
2. Collective Defense- one allie attack other members attack (NATO)
3. Security Dilemma- anytime a state because more secure, the less secure other countries are