Lecture Goals
    Introduce Motivation
    Introduce Theories of Motivation
 

Corresponding Readings
    Chapter 8
 

Class Discussion
    What would you do for a(n) _____
    Police report problem
 

What is Motivation?
    = internal state

    = the _________________________________
 

        Ability (I can)
    X Motivation (__________)
   --------------------------------
       Performance
 

    Fill-in Figure below:
 
 
 
 
 
 

2 Basic Ideas
    Motivation through work design
    Motivation through incentive system
 

Through Work Design
    Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory
    Hackman-Oldham Approach
    Empowerment
    Goal-Setting Theory
 
 

Hertzberg's Two Factor Theory
    2 factors:

        1) ____________  Factor
                = hygiene factor

                = tangible outcomes (pay)

                = affects ____________ (safety)

                Examples:
 
 

        2) ____________ Factor

            = motivator factor

            = inherent outcomes (recognition)

            = affects your _______________________

            Examples:
 
 

            Are you happy with....?

                                Extrinsic Factors                            Intrinsic Factors

                                    Yes           No                                Yes            No
 
 
 
 
 

    Hertzberg's "Orthodox Job Enrichment"

        To é motivation ___________________
 
 
 

            = ________ loading (quality of work)

            NOT __________ loading (quantity of work)
 

Hackman-Oldham Approach
    Job Components

        1) _____________ = # different KSAOs needed

        2) _____________ = extent to which job requires completion of a whole and identifiable piece of work

        3) _____________ = affect of work on others (inside or outside of org.)

        4) _____________ = amount of independence in D.M. and procedures used

        5) _____________ = amount of clear and useful info. provided about performance and its consequences
 

    Motivating Potential of Job = [(Skill Var. + Task Id. + Task Sig.)/3] * A. * F.

    Moderators:
        Growth needs
        KSAOs to do work
        Content with extrinsic factors (e.g., compensation system)
 
 

Empowerment
    Motivation é with ___________________________________________

    To é sense of Empowerment:

        ______________

        ______________

            - decisions/actions have real impact
            - goals clear
            - topic familiar
 

    Flextime
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

    Fill-in performance graph below:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Goal Setting Theory (Latham & Locke)
    Goals:
        - _________

        - _________

        - _________

        - _________
 

    _______ Goals

        - focus attention and effort

        - é per. & ê variability

        - promote strategy develop.
 

    Goal difficulty

        - subjective

        - KSAOs vary across people
 

    Goal level and perf. ____________

        Why? Harder goals = __________
 

    _______ & _______ goals = best perf.


        Why?

            - é P(perf. dissatisfaction)

            - é effort
 

    Requirements:
        - necessary KSAOs
        - feedback
        - é self-efficacy
        - é goal commitment
 

    WARNING
        - ________________________________

        - Allow people to learn tasks first