Lecture Goals
    Introduce leadership
    Discuss how a leader gains power
    Discuss formal and informal leaders
    Introduce theories of leader effectiveness
    Mention the effects of leading on leader

Corresponding Readings
    Chapter 13
 

Characteristics
    __________ by which a _____ influences a ______ toward attaining group goals

    Power to influence group _________________________

    Person in formal position of power may not exhibit leadership

    Leaders can be informal
 
 

Exchange Theory
    Leader gives:

        ______________

        ______________

        ______________
 
 

    In exchange for:

        ______________

        ______________

        ______________

        ______________
 
 

    Idiosyncrasy credits =  ____________________________
 
 

    Earning idiosyncrasy credits

       ____________________________

       ____________________________
 
 

    Losing idiosyncrasy credits

       ____________________________

       ___________________________
 
 
 

    Leader spends credits to evoke change (to lead)

        idea =        ____________________________

        Good result = credits ____________________
 

        Bad results = __________________________

        Leader must have some credits to lead
 
 

New leader
            Gains credits by maintaining _________________________

            Next Make 1 or 2 low cost investments, invest in _____________

            With earned credits, invest more to earn more or take __________________

            String of successes _____________

            String of failures ____________

            Can leader earn credits and sit back?  __________________

            Fill-In Hollander & Julian (1970) [Modified] Graph below:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Vertical Dyad Exchange Theory
        = Exchange Theory ideas, but for interactions with _________________________________

        Some members get more than others

        In turn, these members give more than others

        The advantaged group = _____________

        The other members = ________________

        ____________ = more productive & satisfied, less turnover
 
 

Formal Organizational Leaders

        Formal Leaders
            - Appointed or elected
            - Legitimate (positional) power

        3 Types of Managerial Roles
            - Informational
            - Decisional
            - Interpersonal
 

Managerial Roles
    Informational

        -_____________________________

        -_____________________________

        -_____________________________
 
 

    Decisional

        -_____________________________

        -_____________________________

        -_____________________________

        -_____________________________

        -_____________________________
 
 

    Interpersonal

        -_____________________________

        -_____________________________

        -_____________________________

        -_____________________________
 
 

Informal Leaders
    Not elected or appointed
 

    Emerge because:

        -_____________________________

        -_____________________________

        -_____________________________

       Fill-In  Sorrentino & Boutillet (1975) Graph below:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

        -_____________________________

        -_____________________________
 
 
 

Effective Leaders
        4 Categories of Theories:

                                            Universal            Situational

            Traits

            Behaviors
 
 

Universal Traits Theories

    Great leaders ______________

    Seeks ___________________ of people who are always effective leaders

    Q - How does org. get effective leaders?

    A - ______________

    Data = modest support for idea
 
 

Situational Traits Theories
    Different situations require __________________

    Effective leader in situation A ______________________________

    Q - How does org. get effective leaders?

    A - _____________________________

    Data = more support for idea
 
 

                                        Large Bureaucracy                Small Entrepren.

                é Npow

    é Nach
 
 

Fiedler's Contingency Model
 

    2 Leadership Styles (Personalities)

            Task-oriented = _________

                - Most effective when conditions are ___________
 

            Person-oriented = _________

                - Most effective when conditions are ___________
 
 

Universal Behavior Theories
    What leaders _______________

    Seeks behaviors of people who are always effective leaders

    Q - How does org. get effective leaders?

    A - _____________

    Data = modest support for idea
 
 

Situational Behavior Theories
   What leaders do makes them effective

  Seeks behaviors of people who are effective in _____________

    Q - How does org. get effective leaders?

    A - _______________________

    Data = more support for idea

    Examples
        Vroom-Yetton Model (Overhead)
            Goal = show how to behave when
                     = decide when & how to use participatory DM
            Data = support DM model

        What do you do with a poor performer?(Overhead)
 
 
 

Effects of Leading on Leader
    Power holders

        __________________

        __________________

        __________________

        __________________